❶ 求一篇关于电子商务的外文翻译 （中文+英文）
Internet作为电子商务的载体，已成为企业必不可少的信息采集、传输和交换的工具，网络（信息）时代的到来为基于Internet的IT服务业注入了新的活力，
Internet is electronic vehicle for business on line, it turns to be unsplit tool for company for the purpose of collection, transferring and exchange for information, with the net work ( information) age availability, which input new vigor into IT service instry based on internet.
其中电子商务（Electronic Commerce， EC）更是备受瞩目，已被公认为是影响21世纪世界经济格局的新型经济模式和催化剂。
Whereby, Electronic Commerce is the focus of attention, and regarded as new economic mode and activator for global economics in 21st centrury.
在它经历了三个艰难的发展历程（电子零售、电子贸易和网上交易市场）之后，逐渐成熟起来，它的核心是运用现代计算机通讯技术，
after it passed 3 difficult stages (electronic retail sales, electronic trading and sales market on line), it is mature step by step, it lies in his core tech. from modern computer communication system.
尤其是网络技术为企业进行社会生产经营活动服务，使企业提高生产效益、降低经营成本、优化资源配置，从而实现社会财富的最大化。
Especially net work technology serves for social proction operation of companies so as to improve the proction output and benefit, to decrease the operation costing, to optimize resource , so that maximum social property can be realised.
特别是对于中小企业来说电子商务通过良好地运用，更能出现一些惊喜的结果。
The most surprising target is achieved by small and medium size enterprises who make good use of electronic business.
本文共分为四章，通过研究电子商务对中小企业的影响和重要性来阐述中小企业在面临这个电子化、网络化的时代所可以采取的一些策略和办法来提高企业的核心竞争力。
The article is drafted in 4 chapters, with the study on the influence and importance of electronic business for small and medium sized companies, it set forth some strategies and actions can be taken in order to improve the company core competency of competition in the net work age.
❷ 英语专业电子商务方向的就业前景
一、商务英语专业发展背景分析
1.行业社会背景分析。
加入 WTO以来, 我国商贸领域已得到突飞猛进的发展, 各企业有了更多的走向世界的机会。为了应对海外的竞争, 他们越来越重视引进有英语基础的一专多能性人才, 与商贸专业结合紧密的商务英语专业人才的就业优势已渐加凸现。
石家庄，河北省省会，是河北省政治经济文化中心。由于石家庄区位及交通所处地位，从而是中国北方极其重要的贸易基地。石家庄是京津冀一体化发展中的重心。随着基础设施建设的全面推进，一批产业项目将同步落地开工，开展跨境电商、国际贸易等业务，石家庄将成为京津冀一体化的“桥头堡”。
越来越多的涉外就业岗位应运而生，石家庄的发展需要更多高素质的懂英语的商务人才。河北政法职业学院开设商务英语专业，无疑会为各行业输送商务人才，有利于促进各行业健康发展。
2.人才需求调研结果分析。从调查中我们得知，石家庄的发展，除了需要高学历、会英语、具有丰富的国际法律知识和国际商务经验的职业经理人或高级商务人才外，各企业需要更大量的是实用型商务人才，比如外贸跟单员，报关员，外销员、国内采购员、外贸项目主管、电子商务专员、酒店礼宾部主管、展会或商务翻译等。因此，兴办高职商务英语专业是符合地区经济发展需要的，我们开设商务英语专业在调查中得到了有关企业的肯定。
3.毕业生跟踪调查结果分析。通过对近两届毕业生的调查问卷来看，主要就业区域分布在北京、天津、石家庄，以及东南沿海城市，主要从事对外贸易、电子商务、饭店管理、旅游、会展与教育等行业工作。专业对口率达到60%以上，其中毕业生首月薪酬待遇3000元以上的占 65%，试用期满薪酬待遇达到2500元以上的占80%。
二、商务英语专业就业方向
1．跨境电子商务方向。本专业方向掌握现代电子商务基本理论和国际电子商务环境、政策和法律知识,熟悉主流的跨境电子商务平台；掌握跨境电子商务营销与推广理论、技术和方法，掌握电子商务国际贸易知识，了解国际市场、行业和客户知识，具备互联网思维，具备跨境电商创业和市场开拓能力。
2.国际贸易实务方向。本专业方向掌握商务英语专业所必需的基础理论知识和专业知识，具备较强的英语应用技能及商业运作能力，能从事商务与秘书工作的高等应用型人才。该专业由英语语言能力、商务运作能力和计算机应用技术三个技能模块构建成整个教学计划的核心，就业前景乐观。
3.国际商务管理及秘书方向。本专业方向掌握商务英语专业所必需的基础理论知识和专业知识，具备较强的英语应用技能及商业运作能力，能从事商务管理与项目策划工作的高等应用型人才。该专业学生毕业后掌握商务运作的知识与技能，能熟练运用英语和计算机从事国际商务及秘书工作。
4.会展英语方向。本专业方向掌握会展与广告设计基本理论和知识、具备会展设计规划和运用计算机进行艺术创造设计的实用型高级专业人才。学生毕业后能从事国际、国内各种会展的组织与策划、会展翻译、会展协调与服务、外事办公等工作。
三、商务英语就业范围
国际商务公司、外资企业、三资企业、民营企业、金融机构、跨国公司中国分公司、境外中国公司、涉外机构、政府、行政事业单位从事国际贸易、进出口贸易、商务谈判、翻译、涉外文秘和管理等工作。也适合各外贸易公司、商场、宾馆、企事业单位办公部门等。
据劳动人事部统计，商务英语专业毕业生的就业率一直在各专业中居于前10位。即使在近年来大学生就业普遍不景气的情况下大多数院校英语专业毕业生的就业率仍然保持90%以上，就业前景乐观。毕业生在走上工作岗位后，大都能发挥他们的外语优势，受到学校、外事部门、公司企业等用人部门的重视和欢迎。随着中国经济发展进一步加快，中国和世界的联系也会加强，在一个较长的时期内，商务英语专业仍会继续保持自己良好的就业前景。
❸ 电子商务 外文翻译
Basic concepts
什么是电子商务呢，说白了就是电子是手段，商务是目的。 What is e-commerce it, saying that white is the Electronics is a means, business is the goal. 电子商务，英文是Electronic Commerce，简称EC。 E-commerce, English is the Electronic Commerce, referred to as EC. 电子商务涵盖 E-commerce covers 的范围很广，一般可分为企业对企业(Business-to-Business)，或企业对消费者(Business-to-Customer)两种。 A wide range, generally can be divided into business to business (Business-to-Business), or business to consumers (Business-to-Customer) two kinds. 另外还有消费者对消费者（Customer-to-Customer)这种大步增长的模式。 There are also consumers of consumers (Customer-to-Customer) such a big growth pattern. 随着国内Internet使用人数的增加，利用Internet进行网络购物并以银行卡付款的消费方式已渐流行，市场份额也在迅速增长， 电子商务网站也层出不穷。 With the increase in the number of domestic Internet use, using Internet for online shopping and bank card payment has graally popular consumption patterns, market share is rapidly growing e-commerce sites are endless. 电子商务最常见之安全机制有SSL(安全套接层协议）及SET( 安全电子交易协议 ）两种。 The most common security mechanism for e-commerce have SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and SET (Secure Electronic Transaction) two kinds.
定义： Definition:
广义上指使用各种电子工具从事商务或活动。 The broad sense refers to the use of electronic tools for business or activities. 这些工具包括从初级的电报、电话、广播、电视、传真到计算机、 计算机网络 ，到NII（国家信息基础结构－信息高速公路）、GII（全球信息基础结构）和Internet等现代系统。 These tools range from elementary telegraph, telephone, radio, television, fax, computer, computer network, to the NII (National Information Infrastructure - Information Highway), GII (Global Information Infrastructure) and the Internet and other modern systems. 而商务活动是从泛商品（实物与非实物，商品与非商品化的生产要素等等）的需求活动到泛商品的合理、合法的消费除去典型的生产过程后的所有活动。 The commercial activities are concted from the Pan-goods (physical and non-physical, non-commercialization of goods and factors of proction, etc.) activities to the needs of the Pan-goods, a reasonable, legitimate consumer to remove the typical post-proction process of all activities. 狭义上指利用Internet从事商务或活动。 A narrow sense, refers to the use of Internet for business or activities.
【网络营销和电子商务】 【Internet marketing and e-commerce】
从时间上来讲，电子商务概念的出现要早于网络营销。 From the time of speaking, e-commerce earlier than the emergence of the concept of network marketing.
电子商务最早产生于上个世纪60年代,90年代得到长足发展。 E-commerce originated in the last century 60's, 90's by leaps and bounds. 电子商务产生和发展的重要条件主要是: 计算机的广泛应用。 And development of e-commerce, an important condition for mainly the following: extensive use of computers. 而网络营销是随着现代科学技术的发展、消费者价值观的变革与日趋激烈的市场竞争等诸多因素,出现并迅速崛起的，网络营销发展的最重要条件是：消费者价值观念的变革。 Along with the network marketing is the development of modern science and technology, consumer values change and the increasingly fierce market competition, and many other factors, emerged and rapidly growing, Internet marketing, the development of the most important conditions are: changes in consumer values.
从字面意义上讲，网络营销概念要比电子商务大。 From the literal sense, the concept of network marketing than the big e-commerce.
电子商务通常是指是在广泛的商业贸易活动中，在因特网开放的网络环境下，买卖双方不相谋面的情况下，实现交易达成的一种新型的商业运营模式，讲求的是在网络销售中获得商业盈利。 E-commerce generally refers to commercial trade in a wide range of activities, on the Internet an open network environment, buyers and sellers are not known one another for the case of phase to achieve the deal of a new business model, and stress is that in online sales in the access to commercial profit. 网络营销(cyber marketing),是指借助联机网络,电脑通讯和数字交互式媒体来实现的一种营销方式，讲求的是与目标人群的网络互动。 Internet Marketing (cyber marketing), refers to the use of online networks, computer communications and digital interactive media to achieve a kind of marketing, emphasizes that the network of interactions with the target population.
从包含的各个体系来说，网络营销和电子商务是交叉存在的。 From the various systems contained in it, network marketing and e-commerce is a cross-exist.
电子商务涵盖的范围很广，一般可分为B2B、B2C、 C2C、B2M四类电子商务模式。 Covers a wide range of e-commerce in general can be divided into B2B, B2C, C2C, B2M four categories of e-business models. 其中企业对企业(Business-to-Business)，和企业对消费者(Business-to- Consumer)两种发展最早，另外还有消费者对消费者（Consumer-to-Consumer)这种大步增长的模式。 Including business to business (Business-to-Business), and business to consumer (Business-to-Consumer) two kinds of the earliest to develop, in addition to consumers for consumers (Consumer-to-Consumer) growth of this step模式. 网络营销包含网络调研 、 网络广告 、 网络公关 、整合营销、seo、sem等内容，每个内容都可以单独或者整合应用到电子商务中去。 Internet Marketing includes Internet research, online advertising, Internet public relations, integrated marketing, seo, sem and other content, each content can be applied alone or integrated into the e-commerce to go. 同样电子商务也离不开这些网络营销手段。 The same e-commerce marketing tool is also inseparable from these networks. 加100分行忙,我尽力了.
❹ 谁能帮我打到关于电子商务商业模式的外文翻译啊，加分加分
Electronic Commerce
1、 Electronic Commerce
Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce, consists of the buying and selling of procts or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade concted electronically has grown extraordinarily since the spread of the Internet. A wide variety of commerce is concted in this way, spurring and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at some point in the transaction's lifecycle, although it can encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail as well.A large percentage of electronic commerce is concted entirely electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way. Online retailers are sometimes known as e-tailers and online retail is sometimes known as e-tail. Almost all big retailers have electronic commerce presence on the World Wide Web.Electronic commerce that is concted between businesses is referred to as Business-to-business or B2B. B2B can be open to all interested parties (e.g. commodity exchange) or limited to specific, pre-qualified participants (private electronic market).Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions.
2、The Advantages of Electronic Commerce
Today, the Internet is reshaping the way business transactions are concted. It is empowering both consumers and business by providing expanding markets and choices to not only national, but also international communities. It enriches competition in provide information and comparative choices.
Buyer looking for the best deals may purchase goods from Singapore, the Hong Kong, Argentina or South Africa. With the Internet, the globalization of commerce has arrived, and both consumers and corporations have more choice to address their personal and corporate purchasing requirements. It raises global trade and global economic growth.
The Internet is a vast new frontier of consumer-to-business and business-to-business commerce. For consumers, Internet-based shopping holds an attraction because of its breadth of coverage and ease of use. For corporations, Internet-based commerce represents an as-yet largely untapped medium for expanding and growing of their business.
Putting up a Web site to promote and display procts, and then luring online shoppers in to look around at the offerings, however, is only one dimension of concting business via the Internet. To realize the true potential of electronic commerce, an effective method of receiving payment for procts sold or delivered through the Internet is a necessity. Developing and implementing effective and simple “cyber payment” methods is a major focus of current Internet-related research. While it is currently possible to make purchases over the Internet, this form of commerce has got yet gained sufficient popularity to deem it a significant factor in foreign trade. Still, it does have potential.
The ability to order and pay for procts over the Internet can revolutionize international trade. It can provide purchasers in one country with access to goods and services from another of which they might otherwise not even be aware.
Since many governments restrict imports of certain procts and regulate advertising and other marketing tools within their national borders, purchasers are often forced to choose from a limited-or even monopolistic-supply of a desired proct. With Internet access, purchasers can scour the world in minutes to find the right proct at the best price.
Until recently, however, supplier used the Internet primarily for advertising purposes. All orders were taken either over the telephone or by mail. While this certainly opened the door and paved the way for Internet commerce, it still required that business be concted through traditional methods. Shopping at these days is easy and convenient with home shopping networks and mail order catalogs. What has been added is Internet shopping. As you surf in the Internet and come across to some vendor’s home page you’ll be able to purchase commodities.
3、The Prospect of Electronic Commerce
While nobody is certain what the future will bring, we do know that the Internet recognizes no national borders. Electronic commerce is global in nature, so the Internet cannot help but to dramatically increase international trade. As trust and security issues are resolved---as they continue to be each day---companies around the world will add the software and hardware tools required to conct their business on-line.
Electronic commerce can only be done if the payment methods are secure and usable. Also possible juridical issues have to be solved before commerce can be done on a global scale.
E-commerce activity over the Internet is currently at a relatively small fraction of what it will become. It is expected to grow almost 15 times from USD 105 billion in 1999 to USD 1.4 trillion by 2003, according to Jupiter Research. This is the Internet demand side of the equation of exchange.
For the supply side, economies of scale take on a whole new meaning. Sellers of goods and services can expect not only local opportunities, but also national and global reach. The Internet expands opportunities to small procers with worthy procts, and thrusts them into competition with their multinational big brothers.
As we can see, the number of people using Internet is increasing by 100% each year. Very soon just plain surfing isn’t going to be enough for them. Internet access providers, service providers, vendors and companies involved in Internet development have to come up with fast, secure, anonymous and easy to use solution to be used by customers, in order to make payments, who want to fully exploit Internet. Internet. The first company the hits global market big time, with application that is accepted by everyone (customers, vendors, official agencies, etc.), is going to be a major player.
When fully implemented, the new technologies will provide users worldwide with numerous benefits for legitimate commerce. How, and to what extent, governments should and must become involved in regulating electronic commerce is an issue that is only now starting to surface.
The ever-changing technology in electronic commerce and the introction of new hardware, software, and service technology forces market participants to quickly and readily adjust their basic business strategies. Companies who want to participate in the worldwide electronic commerce revolution must adapt their electronic commerce service capabilities and proct offerings to the requirements of the electronic commerce marketplace.
简述电子商务
1.电子商务
电子商务，通常被称为电子贸易，包括购买和销售产品或服务通过电子系统，如互联网和其他计算机网络。所进行的贸易总额增长非常电子自互联网的普及。商业种类繁多，以这种方式进行，推动和绘画的创新在电子资金转移，供应链管理，网络营销，在线交易处理，电子数据交换（EDI），存货管理系统，自动数据收集系统。现代电子商务通常使用至少在一些事务的生命周期点的万维网，尽管它可以包括诸如电子的技术更广泛，像电子邮件。电子商务的一个很大比例是完全以电子方式进行，如能够获得优质的虚拟物品在网站上的内容，但大多数电子商务涉及的一些具体物品的运输方式。网上零售商有时被称为网络销售商和网上零售，有时被称为电子尾巴。几乎所有的大型零售商对万维网电子商务存在。电子商务是企业之间进行，被称为企业到企业。企业对企业可以开放给所有有关各方（如商品交换），或仅限于特定的，预审合格的参与者（私营电子市场）。电子商务被普遍认为是销售方面的电子企业。它还包括便利的融资和支付的商业交易方面的数据交换。
2、电子商务的优势
今天，英特网技术的迅速发展，正在引领着交易方式的发展。英特网所提供的丰富的资讯，给市场的双方，不论是商家还是消费者，都提供了更多的可选择的余地。同时，市场的范围也不再局限于国家范围内，不同国家的人们，通过互联网，也可以很方便地进行交易了。
买方可以利用英特网，很方便地购买来自很远地方的东西，比如新加坡，阿根廷、香港或者南非。正是由于英特网的应用，我们才真正地迎来了全球化的时代，无论是买方还是买方，在选择他们的交易对象时，都有了更多的选择，这无疑会大大刺激全球贸易的增长。
无论是C to B方式还是B to C方式，英特网都提供了一个巨大的舞台。对消费者来说，英特网带来的方便和高速，展示了它足够的魅力。而对于商家来说，英特网为他们的商业扩张，提供了一个前所未有的巨大的完全开放的媒介。
虽然，通过在网站，只能展示产品的外观和大小，但这足以吸引那些在线购物者随意地查看和选择。同时，为了发挥电子商务的真实潜能，我们还必须有一个有效的付款和交货模式，来保证买卖双方可以通过英特网顺利和安全地收到货款或货物。如今，人们已经发展除了一种被称为“网际付款”的方式，它使得方便安全的网络交易成为可能。不过，作为一种新兴的商业模式，还需要一个发展和应用的过程，才能充分发挥它的潜力。
全球互联网络甚至可以为一件商品的卖方，联系到一个可能来自一个他们并不知道的国家的买方。电子商务，最终将使整个世界的贸易方式，发生革命性的改变。
由于出于保护本国企业产品的需要，许多政府都对进口产品进行了各种各样的限制，所以买方的选择通常都是有限的，有时候甚至根本就无从选择。而通过英特网，买方就可以在数分钟内，就用最优惠的价格买到满足其要求的世界上最好的产品。
虽然现在，交易者更多地还只是把英特网当作一种广告投放场所，所有地交易流程还只是通过电话或者信件。即使电子商务的大门已经打开，但交易最终仍然离不开一些传统的方式，仍然需要传统交易方式的引导。如今人们已经可以很方便地通过便利连锁店和采用邮购目录的方式，坐在家里完成购物了，但如果再加上因特网，那会是什么情况呢？恐怕连最普通最小地商品，你也可以坐在家里就买到了。
3、电子商务的前景
虽然没有人能判断未来到底会怎样，但我们确实可以判断出来，英特网将给我们带来一个没有国界的世界。因为电子商务的本质就是全球化，所以它就无法不戏剧性地促进国际贸易的发展。比如签订信托和安全协议--他们每天都在继续--全球的公司都将不得不为他们的电脑增加商业软件和硬件工具，以满足在线交易的需要。
只有当付款方式安全方便，电子商务才能成为可能。同样的，可行的统一规则的制定，才能使得电子商务在全球范围内得到大规模的应用。
相对而言，在英特网上的电子商务活动，现在还比较少。但有数据显示，从 1999 年2003，电子商务的贸易量将增长15倍，在1999年，电子商务贸易额为几1050亿美元，而2003则有1.4万亿美元，而这正是网络扩张的结果。
对于卖方来说，经济效益将被赋予全新的意义。货物和服务的卖方能期待的不只是在当地的机会, 同时也是跨越国界的机会。英特网甚至把商业机会扩展到了任何生产有价值产品的小生产者。英特网使来自各个国家的众多商家加入到了竞争的行列中。
正如我们已经看到的那样，使用英特网的人数正在以每年100％的速度增长，而且，很快这个数字就会显得保守了。为了满足那些不断开发英特网潜能的消费者的要求，越来越多的英特网的网路提供者、服务提供者、各厂商和公司被卷到了一起。在英特网上，每家公司都在全球范围的市场中寻找自己的机会，每个人参与者 (客户，厂商，商业中介等等.), 都将成为主角。
现在，这仅仅是开始。当电子商务这项新技术被完全开发的时候，它将为合法的商业提供无法估量的效益。它的使用者无论在世界的哪个地方，也无论是在什么时候，都可以方便地使用它。
随着网络硬件、软件和服务的不断发展，电子商务也将不断地发展，政府应该而且必须把电子商务的管理提上日程，尽快地制定相应的商业规则，引导其健康快速地发展。而那些希望参与到全球电子商务中的公司，就必须尽快地调整自己的战略，使得自己能够提供满足电子商务市场环境下所需要的产品和服务。
❺ 高分求电子商务专业论文摘要的英文翻译（请英语高手帮忙，使用翻译软件的无视+鄙视）
哎！难度不小啊！
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